Accelerating the construction of a new type of power system with new energy as the main body is the inevitable choice to achieve the "3060" goal. At present, the main characteristics of the new power system are to achieve a high proportion of new energy access, speed up the deep integration of information technology and energy supply, and more efficient and resilient power transmission. Relying on the construction of new power system, integrating various types of energy resources, to the carbon neutral stage, the new power system will gradually develop into a more flexible, more open, highly intelligent energy Internet system.
1. The new power system is a more flexible and open energy Internet
The new power system can efficiently integrate various distributed energy sources. Through multi-sensor, big data, intelligent control and other technologies, the integration of energy entities and modern information technology can be realized to optimize energy production, transmission and use. At the same time, it will continue to serve as the "nerve" and "skeleton" of hierarchical and stratified energy facilities, accelerate the realization of intelligent system scheduling and free market transaction, promote the implementation of distributed smart energy metering and settlement scenarios, and gradually develop into a flexible and open energy Internet.
Second, distributed microgrid becomes an important complementary item of large power grid
New power systems enrich the original concept of energy Internet and expand it to include long-distance, complex and large energy transmission systems, such as global, intercontinental or regional network energy transmission sharing; Regional energy can also be traded nearby, and distributed micro-grid becomes an important complementary term of large power grid, which will form a large number of decentralized + centralized topological structures. Cross-region power transmission is global deployment, and regional power supply is terminal deep excavation. The new power system transfers part of cross-region power transmission (UHV) to local energy consumption, and pays more attention to local and nearby energy absorption. In the future, the local intelligent microgrid will become an important form of power supply, and complement and support each other with the cross-region power transmission mode.
Third, household photovoltaic will be an important form of development
By the end of 2020, China had installed 250 million kw of photovoltaic power generation, of which centralized power stations accounted for 68.93% and distributed pv accounted for 31.07%. Compared with centralized photovoltaic power generation, distributed photovoltaic has lower transmission cost and loss absorbed locally, and is less constrained by land and environment. In the new power system, household photovoltaic will help achieve a high proportion of regional renewable energy self-sufficiency.
Fourth, blockchain technology will be applied in new power systems
Blockchain is considered to be a disruptive technology with real transformative potential after steam engine, electricity and the Internet, propelling the energy Internet to a 2.0 form. Compared with traditional technology, blockchain has four advantages: a) the use of distributed accounting and storage, system efficiency is greatly improved; B) Sharing resources through smart contracts, independent of data backup and credit endorsement by intermediary agencies; C) Openness and transparency, automatic and compulsory performance; D) It cannot be tampered with. Information added to the blockchain will be permanently sealed and data cannot be modified on a single node. The decentralization of blockchain has realized the "direct connection" between power producers, electricity sales departments and consumers, connecting scattered new energy generation to the existing grid, realizing point-to-point direct transaction without the help of central settlement, and making resource utilization more intensive and efficient. Regional electricity sales based on block chain technology will become an important breakthrough for smart energy. For the research of power/energy blockchain technology, countries around the world are basically at the same starting line. The combination of blockchain and "Internet +" will trigger a new round of technological revolution in the energy field.
Fifth, a new smart energy business model and ecology will be formed
To keep up with the market trend of retail electricity distributed generation flexibility in trading as the breakthrough point, electricity retail, demand side trading and operational capacity, energy saving etc comprehensive energy services can be through the Internet of things outside the Internet electric business platform, with the aid of supply and demand matching and intelligent settlement, will create new business models and the ecological wisdom energy.
Features of the new smart energy business model: a) Point-to-point electricity transaction between users and power plants; B) Decentralized decision-making; C) Decision scheduling: the object of future power scheduling is a large amount of distributed energy and intelligent electricity load, and scheduling decisions are generated through block chain; D) Realize pareto optimization of market competition and high efficiency of resource allocation. Intelligent energy use restores the commodity attribute of energy, establishes a competitive, open and orderly energy supply and use market, optimizes the allocation of cold, heat, electricity and other resources, achieves a state of competitive supply-demand balance, and greatly improves the energy use efficiency and benefit of micro-grid. Intelligent control and new power trading will inject new vitality into China's carbon trading, microgrid and smart energy, and promote the formation of smart power/energy ecology and the reconstruction of energy system and mechanism.
Six, enterprises save energy, users save, use energy more intelligent, accurate, economic
Compared with the traditional energy and power consumption mode, the power producers, distribution operators, transmission operators and power supply and consumption units of the regional power Internet system can trade directly at all levels. The electricity settlement no longer depends on the traditional power settlement platform, and individuals or enterprises can directly conduct point-to-point transactions. Energy commodity attribute and financial attribute will further highlight.
The new power transaction based on distributed ledger and intelligent contract will establish an intelligent connection between power generation and consumption, and use blockchain computing technology to significantly reduce transaction costs and improve transaction efficiency. Realize the flexible interaction between users and power supply and power grid, and the user side load participates in the demand side response; The development from centralized overall balance to decentralized decision-making and pareto better local micro balance will greatly improve the flexibility and transparency of energy consumption supply, and make energy consumption more intelligent, accurate and economical.
7. Terminal energy will be further integrated with mobile Internet and smart home
The fourth industrial revolution is built on the basis of digital perception. Intelligent sensors and control equipment will connect everything closely. The marketization of energy commodities, diversification of supply, decentralization of system and intelligent power grid will become an increasingly clear development trend.
In the future, by means of voice interaction, motion-sensing interaction and wireless communication of mobile Internet devices, energy consumption devices at home can be controlled. Energy such as cold, heat, electricity and gas can be distributed and reorganized through energy routers and competitive trading platforms to realize information interaction and matching energy consumption.
8. Higher penetration rate of renewable energy
Nearly 10 years before 2030 will be an important strategic breakthrough period for the development and expansion of new power systems and the Internet of things. Energy facilities are gradually interconnected. With the breakthrough of intelligent control and energy storage, energy can be stored or called at any time, and energy use will be more selective. The share of renewable energy, such as photovoltaics, in energy used by homes and businesses will increase. In the regional new power system, the related indicators of renewable energy penetration will be further improved. (including η1= installed capacity of renewable energy power generation/peak load in the grid, η2= clean energy generation/total electricity consumption, etc.)
New power system calls for new energy storage technology breakthrough
In the future, power generation equipment will gradually show the characteristics of decentralization, and the grid topology will also change. As an important link of the industrial chain, new energy storage such as electrochemical energy storage and hydrogen energy will further play the role of peak cutting and valley filling. However, at present, the cost of energy storage products is still relatively high, and the profit means of user-side energy storage are mainly peak-valley electricity price difference arbitrage, while the incentive effect of auxiliary service market has not been reflected. The construction of new power system looks forward to the breakthrough and development of energy storage technology.
Wuhan Xinshengneng is a professional power testing equipment manufacturer. We pay close attention to the development and trends of power grid related industries. For more information, visit our official website: www.whxsn.com
